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| item | Dél-afrikai apartheid - Apartheid (Apartheid in South Africa) - Апартеид | 76058 | |
| item | Le Cercle | 161497 | |
| item | sharpeville-i mészárlás - Sharpeville massacre - Massaker von Sharpeville - Расстрел в Шарпевиле | 76071 |
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| item | Dél-afrikai apartheid - Apartheid (Apartheid in South Africa) - Апартеид |
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| Dél-afrikai apartheid - Apartheid (Apartheid in South Africa) - Апартеид | |||
| Le Cercle | |||
| sharpeville-i mészárlás - Sharpeville massacre - Massaker von Sharpeville - Расстрел в Шарпевиле |
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| Apartheid |
|---|
|
Events 1948 general election • Coloured vote constitutional crisis • 1956 Treason Trial • Sharpeville massacre • Rivonia Trial • Soweto uprising • Church Street bombing • Trojan Horse Incident • Khotso House bombing • Cape Town peace march • CODESA • Assassination of Chris Hani • Saint James Church massacre • Shell House massacre • Organisations ANC • APLA • IFP • AWB • BBB • Black Sash • CCB • Conservative Party • DP • ECC • FOSATU • PP • RP • PFP • HNP • MK • PAC • UDF • Broederbond • National Party • COSATU • SACC • SADF • SAIC • SAMA • SAP • SACP • State Security Council • People P. W. Botha • Steve Biko • Mangosuthu Buthelezi • F. W. de Klerk • Ruth First • Bram Fischer • Arthur Goldreich • Chris Hani • Bantu Holomisa • Joel Joffe • Ahmed Kathrada • Albert Luthuli • Winnie Madikizela-Mandela • Mac Maharaj • D. F. Malan • Nelson Mandela • Govan Mbeki • Thabo Mbeki • Raymond Mhlaba • Benjamin Moloise • Albertina Sisulu • Walter Sisulu • JG Strijdom • Joe Slovo • Robert Sobukwe • Helen Suzman • Adelaide Tambo • Oliver Tambo • Eugène Terre'Blanche • Desmond Tutu • H. F. Verwoerd • B. J. Vorster • Jacob Zuma • Places Bantustan • District Six • Robben Island • Sophiatown • South-West Africa • • Soweto • Sun City • Vlakplaas • Related topics Afrikaner nationalism • Apartheid in popular culture • Apartheid legislation • Cape Qualified Franchise • Freedom Charter • Sullivan Principles • Kairos Document • Disinvestment campaign • Project Coast • Internal resistance to apartheid • Music in the movement against apartheid • |
| Apartheid legislation in South Africa | |
|---|---|
| Precursors (before 1948) |
Franchise and Ballot Act (1892) Glen Grey Act (1894) Natal Legislative Assembly Bill (1894) Transvaal Asiatic Registration Act (1906) South Africa Act (1909) Mines and Works Act (1911) Natives Land Act (1913) Natives (Urban Areas) Act (1923) Immorality Act (1927) Native Administration Act (1927) Women's Enfranchisement Act (1930) Franchise Laws Amendment Act (1931) Representation of Natives Act (1936) Native Trust and Land Act (1936) Native (Urban Areas) Consolidation Act (1945) • Asiatic Land Tenure Act (1946) |
| Malan to Verwoerd (1948-66) |
Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act (1949) Immorality Amendment Act † (1950) Population Registration Act (1950) Group Areas Act (1950) Suppression of Communism Act (1950) Native Building Workers Act (1951) Separate Representation of Voters Act (1951) Prevention of Illegal Squatting Act (1951) Bantu Authorities Act (1951) Native Laws Amendment Act † (1952) Pass Laws Act (1952) Public Safety Act (1953) Native Labour (Settlement of Disputes) Act (1953) Bantu Education Act (1953) Reservation of Separate Amenities Act (1953) Natives Resettlement Act (1954) Group Areas Development Act (1955) Riotous Assemblies Act (1956) Industrial Conciliation Act (1956) Natives (Prohibition of Interdicts) Act (1956) Immorality Act (1957) Bantu Investment Corporation Act (1959) Extension of University Education Act (1959) Promotion of Bantu Self-government Act (1959) Unlawful Organizations Act (1960) Indemnity Act (1961) Coloured Persons Communal Reserves Act (1961) Republic of South Africa Constitution Act (1961) Urban Bantu Councils Act (1961) General Law Amendment Act (1963) • Coloured Persons Representative Council Act (1964) |
| Vorster to Botha (1966-90) |
Terrorism Act (1967) Separate Representation of Voters Amendment Act (1968) Prohibition of Political Interference Act (1968) Bantu Homelands Citizenship Act (1970) Bantu Homelands Constitution Act (1971) Aliens Control Act (1973) Indemnity Act (1977) National Key Points Act (1980) List of National Key Points Internal Security Act (1982) Black Local Authorities Act (1982) • Republic of South Africa Constitution Act (1983) |
| Abolishment (1990-96) |
Negotiations to end Apartheid (1990-93) Interim Constitution (1993) Promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act (1995) • Constitution (1996) |
| † No new legislation introduced, rather the existing legislation named was amended. |
|
| History of Namibia |
|---|
| Khoisan people • Bantu expansion • Orlam migration • Dorsland Trek • Traditional kingdom (Uukwambi, Uukwaluudhi, Uukwangali) • German colonisation • Herero and Namaqua genocide • South West Africa campaign • South African Mandate • South African Border War • SWAPO |
| History of South Africa |
|---|
|
General periods Before 1652 • 1652-1815 • 1815-1910 • 1910-1948 • 1948-1994 • Since 1994 • Specific themes Economy • Military • Politics • Religion • Slavery • Inventions • See also Years • Timeline [nl] • |
| Political history of South Africa | ||
|---|---|---|
| Defunct polities | Kingdom of Mapungubwe (c. 1075-c. 1220) • Dutch Cape Colony (1652-1806) • Mthethwa Paramountcy (c. 1780-1817) • Ndwandwe Kingdom (c. 1780-1819) • Cape Colony (1795-1910) • Zulu Kingdom (1816-1897) • Natalia Republic (1839-1843) • Natal Colony (1843-1910) • Orange Free State (1854-1902) • South African Republic (1856-1902) • Griqualand East (1861-1879) • Griqualand West (1870-1873) • Goshen (1882-1883) • Stellaland (1882-1885) • Nieuwe Republiek (1884-1888) • Upingtonia (1885-1887) • Klein Vrystaat (1886-1891) • Orange River Colony (1902-1910) • Transvaal Colony (1902-1910) • Union of South Africa (1910-1961) • Transkei (1976-1994) • Bophuthatswana (1977-1994) • Venda (1979-1994) • Ciskei (1981-1994) | |
| Events | Pre-colonial | Bantu migrations • Battle of Salt River |
| 1652-1815 | Dutch settlement • French Huguenot settlement • Khoikhoi-Dutch Wars • Xhosa Wars • Battle of Muizenberg • Battle of Blaauwberg • Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 | |
| 1815-1910 | South West Africa campaign • Maritz rebellion • Rand Rebellion • Great Depression • 1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike • Bantustans | |
| 1910-1948 | South West Africa campaign • Maritz rebellion • Rand Rebellion • Great Depression • 1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike • Bantustans | |
| Apartheid | 1948 general election • Apartheid legislation • Pass laws • Internal resistance • Coloured-vote constitutional crisis • Defiance Campaign • Congress of the People • Freedom Charter • Women's March 1956 • 1957 Alexandra bus boycott • Sharpeville massacre • 1960 republic referendum • International isolation • UN Resolution 1761 • UNSC Resolution 591 • Academic boycott • Disinvestment • Constructive engagement • Tar Baby Option • Sporting boycott • Olympics • Rugby union • Rivonia Trial • Durban Moment • Border War • Israeli alliance • Israel-South Africa Agreement • Soweto Uprising • Weapons of mass destruction • Project Coast • Church Street bombing • 1983 constitutional reform referendum • Langa massacre • Rubicon speech • Dakar Conference • Third Force • CODESA • Bisho massacre • 1992 apartheid referendum • Saint James Church massacre • Bophuthatswana crisis • Shell House massacre | |
| Post- apartheid |
1994 general election • Government of National Unity • Reconstruction and Development Programme • Truth and Reconciliation Commission • Arms Deal • Floor crossing • Soweto bombings • African Renaissance • Xenophobia • Attack on Kennedy Road • Marikana massacre • 2012 Western Cape farm workers' strike • Nkandlagate • Racism • 2014 platinum strike • #RhodesMustFall protests • #FeesMustFall student protests • Tshwane riots • 2019 service delivery protests • 2019 Johannesburg riots • COVID-19 pandemic • 2021 unrest | |
| Political culture | African nationalism • Afrikaner Calvinism • Afrikaner nationalism • Anarchism • Azania • Baasskap • Boerehaat • Black Consciousness Movement • Cape Independence • Day of the Vow • Greater South Africa • Honorary whites • Rooi gevaar • Slavery • Swart gevaar • Uitlander • Volkstaat | |
| Defunct organisations |
Civic and political organisations |
Afrikaner Bond • Afrikaner Broederbond • Afrikaner Party • AITUP • APO • AVF • BPC • Black Sash • Boerestaat Party • CDA • CTEG • COD • Congress Alliance • COSG • CP • DLF • Dominion Party • DP (1973-1977) • DP (1989-2000) • DPP • DSM • ECC • FA • FD • Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners • GNP • Het Volk • HNP (Herenigde) • HNP (Herstigte) • IDASA • ID • IP • ISL • Jeugkrag • Johannesburg Reform Committee • Labour Party (1910-1958) • Labour Party (1969-1994) • Liberal Party (1953-1968) • NA • NCP • Natal Indian Congress • NLP • NNP • NP • NPP • NRP • NUSAS • Occupy • Orangia Unie • Oranjewerkers • Orde Boerevolk • PAVN • PFP • Progressive Party (Cape Colony) • Progressive Party • PRP • Radio Freedom • Reform Party • SABP • SADECO • SAIC • SASO • SAYCO • SAYRCO • South African Party (Cape Colony) • South African Party (1911-1934) • South African Party (1977-1980) • TNIP • Torch Commando • UFP • United Party • Unionist Party • Volksparty • Workers Party • WOSA |
| Trade unions and social movements |
APF • BCM • BLATU • CNETU • CTSWU • FCWU • FNETU • FOSATU • ICU • IWW • MUSA • NEUM • NURHS • PAWE • SAAPAWU • SACTU • SAIF • SARHU • SATUC • Die Spoorbund • UDF • Umkosi Wezintaba | |
| Paramilitary and terrorist organisations |
APLA • ARM • AWB • BBB • Boeremag • Greyshirts • MK • Ossewabrandwag • Orde van die Dood • PAGAD • SANF | |
| Histories of political parties |
African National Congress • Democratic Alliance • Pan Africanist Congress of Azania | |
 • Category |
||
| Racism | |
|---|---|
| Types of racism | Antisemitism • In the United States • Aversive • Colorism • Consumer • Covert • Cultural • Cyber • Environmental • Gendered • Hipster • Hipster racism • Nipster • Institutional • Internalized • Laissez-faire • Linguistic • Among LGBT people • Nationalist • Negrophobia • Neocolonial • Reverse • Romantic • Scientific • Sexual • Societal • Symbolic • White supremacy • Xenophobia |
| Manifestations of racism |
Anti-miscegenation laws • Biological determinism • Ethnic conflict • Ethnic hatred • Ethnic jokes • Ethnic slurs • Ethnic stereotypes • Hate crime • Hate speech • in early American film • Censored Eleven • in the work of Charles Dickens • in horror films • in music • in porn • in school curricula • in sport • association football • baseball • martial arts • in the romance fiction industry • in the wine industry • Racial hierarchy • Casta • Racial polarization • Racial quota |
| Racism by region | Africa • Arab world • Asia • Australia • Europe • Middle East • North America • In the United States • South America |
| Related topics | Anti-racism • Ethnic plastic surgery • Hate speech laws in Australia • Interminority racism in the United States • List of anti-cultural, anti-national, and anti-ethnic terms • Passing • Psychometrics of racism • Race traitor • Racial bias on Wikipedia • Racial democracy • Racial fetishism • Sociology of race and ethnic relations |
| Category • Commons • Index |
|
| Segregation in countries by type (in some countries, categories overlap) | |
|---|---|
| Religious | Partition of India • Northern Ireland • Israel • Greece and Turkey • Partition of Bengal • Portugal • Saudi Arabia • Spain • Bahrain • Myanmar |
| Ethnic and racial | Canada • Bahrain • Brazil • Bulgaria and Romania • Czechoslovakia and Hungary • Dominican Republic • Fiji • France • Germany • Israel • Malaysia • Portugal • Rhodesia • Apartheid in South Africa • Spain • Saudi Arabia • United Arab Emirates • United States • Civil War • Separate but equal • School segregation • Brown v. Board of Education • Massive resistance • Anti-miscegenation laws |
| Gender | Islam • Afghanistan • Iran • Saudi Arabia • Judaism • Sex segregation in public restrooms • Separatist feminism |
| Dynamics | Auto-segregation • Balkanization • Ethnic cleansing • Ethnic federalism • Bantustan • Ethnopluralism • Ethnocracy • Exclusionary zoning • Forced migration • Internment • labor camps • Residential segregation in the United States • Segregation academy (United States) • Social exclusion |
| Related topics |
Apartheid • laws • Anti-miscegenation laws • Black Codes • Corporative federalism • Discrimination • Ghetto benches • Hafrada • Jim Crow laws • Nativism • Nuremberg Laws • Racism • Rankism • Religious intolerance • Reservation in India • Second-class citizen • Separate school (Canada) • Shunning • Social apartheid • Xenophobia |
|
See also: Pillarisation • Category • caste • gender • racial • Commons |
|
| South Africa articles | ||
|---|---|---|
| History | Timeline • Years • Early history • Kingdom of Mapungubwe • Kingdom of Mutapa • Kaditshwene • Dutch Cape Colony • Mthethwa Paramountcy • Ndwandwe • Cape Colony • Zulu Kingdom • Orange Free State • Transvaal Republic • First Boer War • Second Boer War • Great Depression • World War II • Apartheid • Border War • Democratic South Africa | |
| By topic | Economy • Military | |
| Geography | Biodiversity • Climate • Climate change • Districts • Earthquakes • Estuaries • Forests • Islands • Lakes • Mountain ranges • Municipalities • National parks • Populated places • Provinces • Rivers • Wildlife | |
| Politics | Constitution • Courts • Corruption • Elections • Foreign relations • Government • Human rights • Law • Law enforcement • Military • Parliament • Political parties • President • timeline • State security | |
| Economy | Agriculture • Banking • Companies • Communications • Economic history • Energy • Foreign trade • Mining industry • Rand (currency) • Stock exchange • State-owned enterprises • Taxation • Tourism • Trade unions • Transport • Water and sanitation | |
| Society | Crime • Disability • Education • Feminism • Health • Healthcare • Immigration • Intersex • Languages • LGBT • Racism • Religion • Sexual violence • Slum clearance • Smoking • Social movements • Xenophobia | |
| Culture | Architecture • Art • Cinema • Cuisine • HIV/AIDS • Homelessness • Literature • Media • Music • National symbols • Public holidays • Sports • World Heritage Sites • heritage sites | |
| Demographics | South African Bantu-speaking peoples • Ndebele • Pedi • Sotho • Swazi • Tsonga • Tswana • Venda • Xhosa • Zulu • Khoisan • Khoekhoe • San people • Whites • Afrikaners • British • Coloureds • Cape Coloureds • Cape Malays • Griquas • Indians • Chinese | |
| Outline • Index Category • Portal |
||
fr_importance